The roles of FLOT1 in human diseases (Review)

Abstract

FLOT1, a scaffold protein of lipid rafts, is involved in several biological processes, including lipid raft protein‑dependent or clathrin‑independent endocytosis, and the formation of hippocampal synapses, amongst others. Increasing evidence has shown that FLOT1 can function as both a cancer promoter and cancer suppressor dependent on the type of cancer. FLOT1 can affect the occurrence and development of several types of cancer by affecting epithe‑ lial‑mesenchymal transition, proliferation of cancer cells, and relevant signaling pathways, and is regulated by long intergenic non‑coding RNAs or microRNAs. In the nervous system, overexpression or abnormally low expression of FLOT1 HTN, hypertension; HF, heart failure; HGA, human granulocyte form disease; HEECs, human endometrial epithelial cells; IGF‑1, insulin‑like growth factor‑1; IGF‑1R, insulin‑like growth factor‑1 receptor; IncA, inclusion membrane protein A; IKK, NF‑κB kinase; IKBs, NF‑κB inhibitory protein; IDCM, idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy; IL‑11, Interleukin‑11; lncRNAs, long intergenic non‑coding RNAs; LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; LASP1, LIM and SH3 protein 1; lova, lovastatin; LIC, leukemia initiating cell; LBs, α‑SYN‑positive Lewy bodies; M3R, muscarinic type 3 receptor; miRNA/miR microRNA; mEPSC, miniature excitatory postsynaptic current; mIPSC, miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current; MMP‑2, matrix metalloproteinase 2; MMP‑9, metalloproteinase 9; MDR, multidrug resistance; MDD, major depressive disorder; NMDAR, N‑methyl‑d‑aspartate receptor; NSCLC, non‑small cell lung cancer; NPC, nasopharyngeal carcinoma; NCBP3, nuclear cap‑binding subunit 3; NAFLD, non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease; NHD, nocturnal hemodialysis; PHB, prohibition homology; PM, plasma membrane; PD, Parkinson's disease; PTM, post‑translational modification; PKC, protein kinase C; PCa, prostate cancer; PrP, Prion protein; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell; RIP, receptor interacting protein; RAS, renin‑angiotensin system; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; SUMO, small ubiquitin‑related modifier; SALM, synaptic adherence‑like molecule; SCLC, small cell lung cancer; S100A11, S100 calcium‑binding protein A11; SHR‑SP, spontaneous hypertensive stroke predisposition; SHR, spontaneously hypertensive rats; SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage; SERT, presynaptic high‑affinity 5‑HT transporter; SIP, SERT‑interacting protein; SDF‑1α, stromal cell‑derived factor; TSEs, transmissible spongiform encephalopathy; TUG1, taurine upregulated gene 1; TNM, tumor lymph node metastasis; TGF‑β1, transforming growth factor β1; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; TNFR, TNF‑α receptor; TRAFs, TNF receptor‑associated factors; TAK1, TGF‑β‑activated kinase‑1; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; VGLUT1, vesicular glutamate transporter 1; VPS33B, vacuolar protein sorting protein 33b; ZDHHC‑19, zinc finger DHHC domain‑containing protein palmitoyltransferase‑19; 3'‑UTR, 3'‑untranslated region; αc5‑HT, 5‑hydroxytryptamine