Expressing emotions using animated text captions

Abstract

Due to limitations of conventional text-based closed captions, expressions of paralinguistic and emotive information contained in the dialogue of television and film content are often missing. We present a framework for enhancing captions that uses animation and a set of standard properties to express five basic emotions. Using an action research method, the framework was developed from a designer's interpretation and rendering of animated text captions for two content examples. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006.