Extraction of Milled Wood Lignin from Coffee Husk (Coffea Arabica L.) and the Analysis of Its Potential as a UV-Protective Component of Lotion and Sunscreen

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of adding milled wood lignin (MWL) to the sun protection factor (SPF) of commercially available lotion and sunscreen. The MWL was isolated from Coffea Arabica L. husks using the Björkman method. FT-IR spectroscopic analysis showed two characteristic peaks located at around 1200 cm-1 and 1300 cm-1, which indicates the presence of guaiacyl and syringyl groups. UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis showed two peaks located at around 278 nm and 325 nm, which indicates the presence of guaiacyl and some conjugated phenolic groups, respectively. The isolated MWL was then added to commercially available sunscreen and lotion at various concentrations. The sun protection factor (SPF) was then determined using the Mansur method and UV-Vis Spectroscopy. Results have shown that from 0% to 40 % by mass of MWL added, there was an observable average increase from 0.90 to 13.86 SPF for lotion, while there was an increase from 26.47 to 34.00 SPF for sunscreen. Results suggest that for lotion the SPF significantly increased if MWL was added from 0% up to 40% while for sunscreen the SPF significantly increased if MWL was added from 0% up to 20%.