Crystalline Metal Oxide Catalysts for Organic Synthesis

Abstract

In this chapter, recent studies on crystalline metal oxide catalysts for liquid-phase organic reactions (e.g., acid–base reactions, selective oxidations, C–C bond formation reactions, reductions, and one-pot sequential reactions) are comprehensively summarized according to the following classifications of structures: (a) simple oxide, (b) perovskite, (c) spinel, (d) metal phosphate, and (e) other materials such as hydrotalcite, montmorillonite, garnet, pyrochlore, and murdochite. This review chapter focuses on the relationships among the structures, the physicochemical properties, and the unique catalytic properties of crystalline oxides in liquid-phase organic reactions according to groups (a)–(e). In addition, the reaction mechanisms, kinetics, spectroscopy, catalyst stability/recyclability, and heterogeneous nature are comprehensively summarized for some catalytic systems.