Mental Disorders in Subjects with Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Depression has been a common comorbidity and reduces the quality of life, the poor glycemic control and consequently worsens the diabetes course. The goals of this systematic review are searching of a population who have higher mental disorders in type 1 and 2 patients with diabetes and if there is a direct relationship between glycemic control and psychiatric disorders in this population. A total of 2527 references, review and review articles were excluded, 19 scientific studies were selected: 9 cross-sectional studies, 6 prospective observational studies, 3 retrospective observational studies, and 1 case-control study. Depression and anxiety have a high prevalence in subjects with diabetes. Therefore, the relevance of this study is showing that those mental disorders have a direct correlation in both types of diabetes treatments and decrease the quality of life. Also, the rates of depression could be up to three times higher in patients with type 1diabetes and twice as high in individuals with type 2 diabetes compared with the general population. Patients live in fear of complications from diabetes over the long term and also have damage due to the high psychiatric comorbidity of these chronic patients. care providers [10,11]. Therefore, the consequences are increasing their anxiety and having social episodes of hypoglycemia. Patients' family members are also negatively impacted by uncontrolled patients with Type 1/2 diabetes. There is 50% risk of having a mental health problem in life, and this leads to being unemployed or unproductive people [10]. The same study described other relevant results which depression and anxiety disorders are the 4 th cause, while diabetes is the 8 th cause of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in developed countries. Depression was more prevalent among individuals with diabetes (20%) when was compared with asthmatics (12%) and patients without diabetes (4%), while anxiety was more prevalent among asthmatics (34%) than patients with diabetes (20%) and healthy individuals (8%). Predictors of depression include demographic dates, since the age of the patient, social status, poor glycemic control and duration of diabetes mellitus [10]. The goals of this study are showing the higher prevalence in psychiatric disorders and how those disorders can influence in the quality of life in patients with Type 1/2 diabetes and compare if there are differences of those comorbidities in both types.