Calculation of the location coordinates of an object observed by a camera

Abstract

In this paper the algorithm Camera of the calculation of the position and orientation coordinates of the object observed by the camera is presented. This algorithm is more accurate and faster than the algorithms presented in the literature based on the minimization of the quadratic forms of errors. The camera is mounted above the technological station on which the object appears. These coordinates are calculated relative to the station frame (coordinate system associated with the technological station) or relative to the base frame (coordinate system associated with the base of robot). The orientation is described by the x-y-z fixed angles of the rotation relative to the station or the base frame. In this algorithm the perspective model of camera is used. From the image on the camera matrix sensor of three characteristic points of an object, 2D coordinates of these points are obtained. The location (position and orientation) of the object is calculated on the basis of these coordinates. The calculated location coordinates make it possible for the robot to automatically approach the object and carry out the technological operations. For example, the car’s body can constitute an object and the technological operation are to be sealing or welding. Creating such algorithms is the basic problem of computational robots’ intelligence.