Monitoring Educational Intervention Programs for Children and Young People with Disabilities through a Web Application

Abstract

Early care professionals have to use instruments for assessing functional skills in children susceptible to early intervention that apply records and produce developmental profiles and personalized intervention proposals. The aims of the study were (1) to analyze the development of functional skills in users with an age range of 48–252 months attending school in a therapeutic intervention center for people with motor impairments; and (2) to analyze the development of functional skills in users with different impairments and ages ranging from 7 to 162 months participating in an early outpatient care program. Study 1 applied a sample of 50 users aged between 48 and 252 months all with motor disabilities and Study 2 included a sample of 71 users aged between 7 and 162 months with different disabilities. Factorial and descriptive–correlational designs were applied in both studies. The Student’s t-test for dependent samples, supervised machine learning techniques (linear regression analysis and logarithmic regression analysis), unsupervised machine learning techniques (k-means), ANOVA, and cross-tabulations were used as contrast tests. In Study 1, no significant changes were found in the development of users’ functional skills, except for a decrease in maladaptive behaviors. Likewise, the chronological age variable did not seem to be a determining factor in the results. In Study 2, significant differences were found in the development of all functional skills between the three measurement time points (initial–intermediate–final). In this group, the type of impairment explained 29% and chronological age 40% of the variance in functional development at the final measurement. This study found that intervention before four years old in outpatient mode produced better results in the acquisition of functional skills, with better results in users affected by rare diseases or communication and language delay at ages 49–60 months.