Gene Environment Interplays: Why PTSD Makes a Good Case for Gene–Environment Interaction Studies and How Adding a Developmental Approach Can Help

Abstract

This chapter provides a review of gene–environment interaction (GxE) research in the etiology of post- traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Gene–environment interaction is a form of causal interplay, whereby genetic effects are moderated by environmental factors. It will be outlined why GxE presents both unique opportunities and challenges for the comprehension of PTSD, why GxE is controversial, and how it is investigated. A better knowledge of GxE is at the basis of individual vulnerability and resilience to PTSD; it can inform primary prevention and pave the way toward individually tailored therapies.