The aerobic bacteria isolated from used cosmetic products and evaluation of antibiotic resistance

Abstract

Objective: Today, cosmetics sector is one of the thousands of sectors that are inspected within the scope of protection of people's health, preventive health measures, investments made for health rather than illness, and projects made in the name of raising awareness of people without getting sick. Cosmetics need to be produced and maintained in healthy conditions to minimize unwanted effects. The aim of this study is to evaluate the aerobic bacterial contamination of used cosmetic products and the resistance profile (carbapenem and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase) of isolated bacteria. Material and Method: Five hundred samples were made from used cosmetic products. Microbiological evaluation was performed using culture, biochemical tests, Vitek 2 and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the samples. Result and Discussion: In this study, used cosmetic products were collected from 500 cosmetic users. A total of 101 (20.2%) bacteria were isolated from used cosmetic products (n = 500). As a result of identification performed on Vitek 2 device, S. epidermidis (47, 46.5%), S. hominis (17, 16.8%), S. aureus (6, 5.9%), E. coli (16, 15.8%), K. pneumoniae (11, 10.9%) and P. aeruginosa (4, 4.1%). Result of phenotypic antibiotic resistance evaluation revealed that 1 isolate was methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and it was mecA gene positive. It was determined that the isolated 10 gram negative bacteria showed a profile of carbapenem and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase resistance. Only three K. pneumoniae strains were found to carry the blaOXA-48 gene in these isolates. In this study, it was concluded that the cosmetic products may cause serious infections associated with poor personal hygiene, prolonged use, and the bacterial contamination rate of the environment.