Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism

Abstract

Subclinical hypothyroidism is a com-mon disease in the population, with a prevalence close to 10%. According to the WHO, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Ecuador. Cardiovascular risk is the probability of presenting a coronary disease in a certain period of time. Subclinical hypothyroidism has been associated with cardiovascular risk factors. The objective of this study was to establish the cardiovascular risk in patients with subclini-cal hypothyroidism at the IESS hospital in Azogues in the period January 2018-January 2019. A quantitative, descriptive, ret-rospective study was carried out in adults diagnosed with subclinical hypothyroidism, between 30 and 74 years of age; the sample was 92. To collect the data, a validated questionnaire was used, plus the Framing-ham cardiovascular risk table. Data were presented with values of frequency, per-centage, measures of central tendency and dispersion, 95% confidence interval, and statistical significance p<0.05. Low cardiovascular risk prevailed with 68.5%, with ages between 55 and 59 years acting as a moderate risk factor (OR=1.60), and female sex as a protective factor for high cardiovascular risks (OR=0. 27) and moderate (OR=0.67). Smoking was only observed in patients with moderate cardiovascular risk (4.3%). The main comorbidities were arterial hypertension (23.9%), obesity (16.3%), dyslipidemia (15.2%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (14.1%), and chronic gastritis (12.0%). Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism at the IESS hospital in Azogues have a low cardiovascular risk.