SAK3 administration improves spine abnormalities and cognitive deficits in appnl-g-f/nl-g-f knock-in mice by increasing proteasome activity through camkii/rpt6 signaling

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Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and is characterized by neuropathological hallmarks consisting of accumulation of extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). Recently, we have identified a new AD therapeutic candidate, ethyl-8′-methyl-2′,4-dioxo-2-(piperidin-1-yl)-2′H-spiro[cyclopentane-1,3′-imidazo [1,2-a] pyridin]-2-ene-3-carboxylate (SAK3), which ameliorates the AD-like pathology in AppNL-F/NL-F knock-in mice. However, the detailed mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of SAK3 remains unclear. In this study, we found that SAK3 administration improved the reduced proteasome activity through the activation of CaMKII/Rpt6 signaling in AppNL-F/NL-F knock-in (NL-G-F) mice. Moreover, spine abnormalities observed in NL-G-F mice were significantly reversed by SAK3 administration. Along with this, cognitive impairments found in NL-G-F mice were markedly ameliorated by SAK3. In summary, our data suggest that SAK3 administration increases the activity of the proteasome via activation of the CaMKII/Rpt6 signaling pathway, contributing to improvements in spine abnormalities and cognitive deficits in NL-G-F mice. Overall, our findings suggest that SAK3 might be a new attractive drug candidate, representing a new mechanism for the treatment of AD pathology.

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Izumi, H., Kawahata, I., Shinoda, Y., Helmstetter, F. J., & Fukunaga, K. (2020). SAK3 administration improves spine abnormalities and cognitive deficits in appnl-g-f/nl-g-f knock-in mice by increasing proteasome activity through camkii/rpt6 signaling. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21113833

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