Composição de ácidos graxos e teor de lipídios em cabeças de peixes: matrinxã (B. cephalus), Piraputanga (B. microlepis) e Piracanjuba (B. orbignyanus), criados em diferentes ambientes

Abstract

This study was developed for evaluating the total lipid and fatty acid composition of in natura heads of Brazilian fishes. Brycon cephalus (matrinxã), B. microlepis (piraputanga) and B. orbignyanus (piracanjuba) were cultivated in fish farms (ponds and cages) and wild species were collected in Cuiabá-Manso river (B. microlepis) and in Paraná river (B. orbignyanus). The total lipid content of the head varied widely among the species (14.26 to 22.00%). In relation of fatty acid composition, all species presented the oleic acid, C18:1omega9, as the predominant acid (40.21 to 44.41%), followed by the palmitic acid-C16:0 (22.04 to 27.04%), stearic acid-C18:0 (7.78 to 12.11%) and linoleic acid-C18:2omega6 (5.27 to 14.68%). The levels of alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3omega3), arachidonic acid (C20:4omega6), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5omega3) and docosahexaenoic acid C22:6omega3 were lower than 2.52%. The sum of all polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) varied from 10.30 to 19.32%, and the saturated fatty acids (SFA) from 32.42 to 39.41%. The wild specie B. microlepis (piraputanga) showed the highest amount of the omega-3 (3.67%) and the lowest amount of the omega-6 (6.02%) fatty acids.