Effect of Head Misalignment in Horizontal & Vertical Dimensions on the Magnification Rate of Digital Panoramic Radiography in Different Parts of the Jaws

Abstract

Considering the widespread development of implants in den- tal treatment plans, linear measurements on panoramic radiography are of especial importance. In the present study we investigated the effect of head misalignment up to 15° around vertical and horizontal axes on the magnification rate of digital panoramic radiography in each part of upper and lower jaws.