Evaluations of WBC Cross-match Results after Lymphocyte Immunization in Women with Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion in Sarem Women’s Hospital

Abstract

Background: Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a complication in pregnancy that results into fetus rejection by mother and several factors such as anatomical, genetic and immunological problems can be its etiologic causes. Paternal lymphocyte therapy as an immunotherapy for these patients has been more evaluated. The purpose of lymphocyte therapy is stimulation of the mother immune system that contributes in the maintenance of fetus. This treatment enhances the im-munological regulatory response using prepared mononuclear cells from the husband or third party.In present study we tried to examine the effcacy of paternal lymphocyte immunothera-py to produce suitable immune response for RSA patients by evaluation of WBC-crossmatch results. Materials and Methods: A retrospective survey was con-ducted in 704 volunteer subjects with RSA, at Sarem Women's Hospital, during the years 2009-2013. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from husband and were injected into the patients, two or three times. Two weeks after the last immunization, the patient's serum was tested for anti-paternal cytotoxic antibodies (APCA) by WBC cross match test. Results: Positive result of WBC cross match test was found in 319(45.31%) of the 704 patients with RSA that received paternal lymphocytes two times. Immunization was repeated for patients with negative test result and then, positive result were observed in 219 (31.11%) of the treated women (76.42% in total). Conclusion: Results of this study indicated the effcacy of immunization with paternal mononuclear cells to enhance production of APCAs in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion. Also, if lymphocyte therapy performed three times, it can increase alloantibodies production and induction of pos-itive cross match test in these patients.