The boar spermatozoon

Abstract

The microscopic appearance of the boar spermatozoon allows us to appreciate both its inner and outer structural complexity. Both light and electron microscopy may be used to study the structure and ultrastructure of this highly specialized cell and the way it probably works to achieve successful fertilization. Compartmentalization of the spermatozoon is a critically important feature of its structure as it enables this cell to perform the variety of tasks needed to fulfill its role. Different sperm malformations usually affect some cellular components essential for the correct development of the spermatozoon-oocyte interaction in the fertility process. Careful assessment of sperm morphology may sometimes indicate the possible cause of sperm quality and fertility decrease. Moreover, regional specialization of the plasma membrane, related to lipid/protein composition and distribution, allows the underlying cellular molecules to interact independently with their external environment, thereby enabling the efficient performance of the various tasks necessary for successful fertilization.