Navigation on the thoracic and lumbar spine

Abstract

Conclusion: The ISO-C-3D navigated placement of pedicle screws, performed by an experienced surgeon, is a very reliable procedure, and incorrect screw placement can be nearly completely avoided. The intra-operative information gained is of great important especially for fractures, as it allows for an evaluation of the bone structure of the spinal canal. The exposure to radiation can be minimized without relevant increase of the surgery time. For an increased use of the system additional software improvements, particularly concerning user-friendliness would be required. © 2007 Springer Medizin Verlag Heidelberg.