The phytochemical components of walnuts and their application for geographical origin based on chemical markers

Abstract

Place of origin has an important influence on walnut quality and commercial value, which results in the requirement of rapid geographical traceability method. Thus, a method for geographical origin identification of walnuts on the basis of nutritional quality of walnuts from China was conducted. The concentrations of 43 phytochemical components were analyzed in walnut samples from five different walnut-producing regions of China. Based on 14 chemical markers selected by the Random Forest method from these phytochemical components, a new discriminant model for geographical origin was built, with the corresponding correct classification rate of 99.3%. In addition, the quantitative quality differences of walnuts from five regions were analyzed, with values of 0.17-1.43. Moreover, the top three chemical markers for the geographical origin discriminant analysis were Mo, V, and stearic acid, with contribution rates of 26.8%, 18.9%, and 10.9%, respectively. This study provides a potentially viable method for application in food authentication.