Gottfried Semper en lengua castellana

  • Armesto Aira A
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Abstract

Tras una larga elaboración ha salido a la luz, en las pasadas navidades, una antología conteniendo los escritos fundamentales de Gottfried Semper (1803-1876) traducidos al castellano desde los textos alemanes originales. Esta compilación contiene lo esencial del pensamiento de este arquitecto que, al obligarse a conjugar el ejercicio de su oficio con la reflexión crítica sobre él se vio comprometido en una penetrante meditación teórica sobre la naturaleza de la arquitectura y del arte. Para dar una visión comprensiva de sus ideas, junto a escritos principales como Observaciones preliminares sobre la policromía (1834), Los cuatro elementos de la arquitectura (1851), Ciencia, industria y arte (1853) y otros, esta antología incluye también una selección de la extensa obra en la que se dedicó a desentrañar el complejo fenómeno del estilo en arquitectura (Der Stil) de 1860 y 1863. Vista en perspectiva, la descomunal empresa que Semper afronta y desarrolla a lo largo de cuatro décadas —entre 1830 y 1870 aproximadamente—, constituye una indagación en profundidad sobre cuáles son las formas propias de la arquitectura, su origen, las modalidades de su combinación, y cuáles los dinamismos que intervienen en la transformación de su apariencia a través del tiempo.The anthology Escritos fundamentales de Gottfried Semper. El fuego y su protección (Editing and foreword by Antonio Armesto. Fundación Arquia, Barcelona, 2014. Translation by Manuel García Roig) has been published at the end of 2014, a collection of Semper’s main writings (1809-1876), including a selection of extracts from his most extensive work, Der Stil, translated into Spanish from the German originals for the first time. Among them are included: Preliminary Remarks on Polychromy (1834), The Four Elements of Architecture (1851) and Science, Industry and Art (1853). The expression in the subtitle, fire and its preservation, comes from the introduction of the third (unpublished) volume of Der Stil and summarizes Semper’s theory based on which architecture originates when the means for the preservation of fire -the driving force of sociability amongst individuals- are provided. The hearth is the moral element, and the other three: the mound, the enclosure and the roof, are the bounds that offer protection from enemies, which derive from the three dimensions of space. These bounds are crafted with technical arts or artisanry, the same used to make ordinary tools (textile arts, ceramics, carpentry or tectonic, stereotomy and metalwork), so architecture largely owes them its style features. The Spanish version of the two known volumes of Der Stil (1860-1836) were published in Argentina in 2013, so this anthology comes to complete a body of written works that definitely brings Sempers’s theoretic reflections closer to Spanish-speaking readers. The fact that at the 2014 Venice Biennale, Rem Koolhas attempted to offer an updated (and somewhat naive) version of the elements by raising its number to fifteen, might perhaps be interpreted as a symptom of its validity.

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Armesto Aira, A. (2015). Gottfried Semper en lengua castellana. Palimpsesto, (12), 6–6. https://doi.org/10.5821/palimpsesto.12.3928

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