Analyzing Biological Properties of Some Plum Genotypes Grown in Turkey

Abstract

In the current study, the biochemical components, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, and antimutagenic activity of 5 plum (Demal, White Cancur, Cancur, Red plum, and Sugar plum) fruits grown in Posof/Ardahan, Turkey were investigated. While other genotypes are cultured, Demal genotype grows wild. The highest total ascorbic acid (TAC; 454 mg/100 g FW (fresh weight)) and total flavonoid content (TFC; 29.1 mg/100 g FW) were detected in Red plum genotype. The Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and 2,2ʹ-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) values were obtained highest in Sugar plum (563.8 µmol/g and 50.9%, respectively). 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) content among the plum genotypes was also insignificant. Gallic acid, naringin, resveratrol, and caffeic acid were the predominant phenolic compounds in plum fruits. The resveratrol content in Red plum was significantly higher. The total sugar was found maximum in White Cancur and Cancur genotypes (545.15 and 546.08 mg/g, respectively). Twenty-three fatty acids were identified and quantified. Palmitic acid was the most abundant saturated fatty acid (SFA) in all samples. It was observed that all the plum extracts, except Cancur, exhibited antibacterial activity against the experimental bacteria. Further, different doses of plum extracts exhibited the antimutagenic effect.