Assessment of Bone Healing in Rabbit Calvaria grafted with three different Biomaterials

Abstract

This study evaluated the bone regeneration process in rabbit calvariae induced by three types of biomaterials. Two were of xenogenous origin, consisting of deproteinized bovine bone, while the other was alloplastic, based on biphasic calcium phosphate. Five New Zealand white rabbits weighing between 2900 and 3500 g were submitted to four standard 8 mm-diameter perforations at the parietal bone. Three perforations were filled with three grafts and biomaterials, of which two received bovine Bio-OssR and EndobonR Xenograft Granules, and the other consisted of a fully alloplastic StraumannR Bone Ceramic. The fourth remaining cavity was used as control with coagulum. After eight weeks, the animals were sacrificed, and the samples were prepared for morphometric and qualitative analysis. The cavities filled with alloplastic biomaterials showed higher percentages of newly formed bone (p<0.05), while the cavities with xenogenous biomaterials showed higher amount of residual graft (p<0.05). Although the results showed greater bone formation with StraumannR Bone Ceramic, further studies are needed to prove the more effective biomaterial for the process of bone induction.