A critical contribution on understanding the mechanism and implication of peat irreversible drying

Abstract

The term irreversible drying is known as a condition when peat soil material is dry and cannot be re-wet after an intensive drying. This condition is a result of peat soil hydrophobicity that occurs when a contact angle between peat soil particles and water is greater than 90° and is always understood to be associated with water content. However, in South Kalimantan, there was a phenomenon of irreversible drying but soil water content was still around field capacity and there was a visible coating substance on the particle surface. The purposes of this study were 1) to clarify the cause of irreversible drying in this location and 2) to show a possible effect of rock phosphate addition on the hydrophobicity's disappearance. A hydrophobic peat soil sample was taken from the location that is cultivated for oil palm. Field observation was conducted on the peat soil that had been amended by rock phosphate. The peat soil hydrophobicity was identified by the Water Drop Penetration Time method and the surface coating substance was observed using SEM-EDS. The WDPT result shows that the peat soil was in hydrophobic condition, but the water content was still around field capacity. The results from SEM-EDS indicate that the coating substance was found as sulfate salts. The rock phosphate that had been added in the field shows a positive effect on the disappearance of the peat irreversible drying. However, the mechanism of soil properties change due to rock phosphate cannot be confirmed yet and need further investigation.