Integration of Aluminium Interdigitated Electrodes with Zinc Oxide as Nanocomposite for Selectively Detect Alpha-Synuclein for Parkinson's Disease Diagnosis

Abstract

Parkinson's disease is associated with motor and non-motor symptoms, mostly a motor symptom such as tremor is said to be an early indication for Parkinson's disease development. Because of higher demands for faster and more precise diagnostic methods, it has sparked trends in the development of a biosensor for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. Therefore, this study has fabricated a biosensor that is capable of detecting a specific Parkinson's disease biomarker such as aggregation of alpha synuclein and this is crucial in reducing the burden of Parkinson's disease and to be able to detect the disease at the earlier stage. Finding the inconsistent aggregation of alpha-synuclein is a promising method for the early detection of Parkinson's disease. Using conventional photographic process, aluminium interdigitated electrodes (ALIDEs) have been fabricated and employed with sensitive electrochemical strategy for the specific detection of the Parkinson's disease antigen (alpha synuclein). The microelectrode was developed based on aluminium electrode sputtered on silicon substrate. Further, zinc oxide (ZnO) was deposited by sputtering on the working electrode of the ALIDEs using a spin-coating method. The ZnO nanocomposite onto aluminium microelectrode surface provides a favourable platform for efficient loading of antibody via binding with antigen alpha synuclein. The effective loading of the biomolecules (antibody and antigen) on the ZnO nanocomposite surface modified aluminium microelectrode was observed by SEM, AFM and 3D Profilometer. The current flow for each concentration of alpha synuclein was observed at 7.5×10−6 A (10 fM), 8.8×10−6 A (100 fM), and 8.5×10−6 A (1 pM) respectively.