Estudios de caso de rechazos en frontera de exportaciones alimentarias latinoamericanas por motivos relacionados con medidas técnicas no arancelarias

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze border refusals regarding Latin American exports due to non-compliance of technical requirements. For this, three case studies which aim to cover the regional diversity involved are presented: Chi-le, Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic. Food exports sent to the United States and the European Union from January 2002 to December 2013 were analyzed, focusing on rejections and the reasons why. In this regard, it is noted that the country with the most cases of rejection of exports is the Do-minican Republic, the main reason being the presence of pesticides, failures in product manufacturing or because it was filthy or decomposed. For Costa Rica, the main reasons for rejection are the presence of pesticides, failures in manufacturing and the labeling not meeting the requirements of the target markets. Whereas in Chile, the main reasons are that the products were filthy or decomposed as well as there being failures in manufacturing. Considering the results obtained, it can be concluded that Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic have improvements to make mostly in their productive stages, while Chile must do so in its post productive stage. This research is a contribution to the study of the impact of the technical requirements in international trade, as well as to the emerging literature on export refusals. resumen El presente trabajo tiene por objeto hacer un análisis de los rechazos en frontera de exportaciones latinoamericanas de alimentos por incumplimien-to de requisitos técnicos. Para ello, se presentan tres estudios de caso con los que se trata de abarcar la diversidad regional: Chile, Costa Rica y Repú-blica Dominicana. Para cada uno de ellos se analizaron las exportaciones *