Studi Komputasi: Pengaruh Desain Guide Vane Terhadap Performa dan Pola Aliran di Sekitar Turbin Angin Savonius

Abstract

Turbin angin adalah salah satu alternatif untuk mengurangi beban listrik di wilayah perkotaan. Di wilayah perkotaan terdapat gedung bertingkat dengan jumlah yang cukup banyak. Sehingga menjadi lokasi yang tepat untuk aplikasi turbin angin sekaligus mengurangi beban listrik. Tipe turbin yang tepat untuk aplikasi gedung bertingkat adalah turbin angin sumbu vertikal (VAWT). Salah satu jenis VAWT adalah turbin Savonius. Turbin angin Savonius konvensional memiliki kinerja yang rendah seperti koefisien daya dan torsi yang rendah dibandingkan dengan turbin angin jenis lain. Ini terjadi karena aliran angin dapat menyebabkan tekanan negatif pada salah satu sisi sudu. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, turbin angin Savonius konvensional dikombinasikan dengan guide vane. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh guide vane terhadap performa dan karakteristik pola aliran sekitar turbin angin Savonius. Model numerik dihitung menggunakan persamaan Navier-Stokes dengan model turbulen k-ε standar. Analisa  menggunakan software ANSYS-Fluent R15. Simulasi dilakukan pada arah angin yang berbeda, antara lain: 0o, 30o, 60o pada kecepatan angin 2 m/s. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guide vane mampu menambah laju aliran udara yang menuju sudu turbin dan meningkatkan performa turbin angin Savonius sebesar 22,2%. Kata kunci: CFD, guide vane, performa, pola aliran, turbin angin SavoniusDaftar RujukanAkwa, J. V., Alves, G., & Petry, A. P. (2012). Discussion on the veri fi cation of the overlap ratio in fl uence on performance coef fi cients of a Savonius wind rotor using computational fl uid dynamics. 38, 141–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2011.07.013Akwa, J. V., Vielmo, H. A., & Petry, A. P. (2012). A review on the performance of Savonius wind turbines. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(5), 3054–3064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.02.056Alessandro, V. D., Montelpare, S., Ricci, R., & Secchiaroli, A. (2010). Unsteady Aerodynamics of a Savonius wind rotor : a new computational approach for the simulation of energy performance. Energy, 35(8), 3349–3363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2010.04.021Chong, W. T., Fazlizan, A., Poh, S. C., Pan, K. C., Hew, W. P., & Hsiao, F. B. (2013). The design , simulation and testing of an urban vertical axis wind turbine with the omni-direction-guide-vane q. APPLIED ENERGY, 5–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.12.064Chong, W. T., Poh, S. C., Abdullah, N., Naghavi, M. S., & Pan, K. C. (2010). Vertical Axis Wind Turbine with Power-Augmentation-Guide-Vane for Urban High Rise Application 3 . Building integrated wind-solar hybrid energy generation system and rain water collector. (September), 1–6.Damak,  a., Driss, Z., & Abid, M. S. (2013). Experimental investigation of helical Savonius rotor with a twist of 180?? Renewable Energy, 52, 136–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2012.10.043Hasan, M. H., Muzammil, W. K., Mahlia, T. M. I., Jannifar, A., & Hasanuddin, I. (2012). A review on the pattern of electricity generation and emission in Indonesia from 1987 to 2009. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(5), 3206–3219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.01.075Mohamed, M. H., Janiga, G., Pap, E., & Thévenin, D. (2010). Optimization of Savonius turbines using an obstacle shielding the returning blade. Renewable Energy, 35(11), 2618–2626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2010.04.007Nobile, R., Vahdati, M., & Barlow, J. F. (2013). Unsteady flow simulation of a vertical axis wind turbine : a two-dimensional study. (July), 1–10.Pope, K., Rodrigues, V., Doyle, R., Tsopelas,  a., Gravelsins, R., Naterer, G. F., & Tsang, E. (2010). Effects of stator vanes on power coefficients of a zephyr vertical axis wind turbine. Renewable Energy, 35(5), 1043–1051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2009.10.012Ricci, R., Romagnoli, R., Montelpare, S., & Vitali, D. (2016). Experimental study on a Savonius wind rotor for street lighting systems q. Applied Energy, 161, 143–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.012Roy, S., & Saha, U. K. (2015). Wind tunnel experiments of a newly developed two-bladed Savonius-style wind turbine. Applied Energy, 137, 117–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.10.022Soo, K., Ik, J., Pan, J., & Ryu, K. (2015). Effects of end plates with various shapes and sizes on helical Savonius wind turbines. Renewable Energy, 79, 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2014.11.035Tartuferi, M., D’Alessandro, V., Montelpare, S., & Ricci, R. (2015). Enhancement of Savonius wind rotor aerodynamic performance: a computational study of new blade shapes and curtain systems. Energy, 79, 371–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.11.023Walker, S. L. (2011). Building mounted wind turbines and their suitability for the urban scale — A review of methods of estimating urban wind resource. Energy & Buildings, 43(8), 1852–1862. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.03.032