Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis larvatus): Bio-ecology and Conservation

Abstract

The distribution of proboscis monkeys is indicated in Fig. 12.1. The distribution and habitat types used by proboscis monkeys in south Kalimantan has already been reported by Soendjoto et al. (2005) and Bismark (1995), while in east Kalimantan it has been reported by Bismark and Iskandar (2002) and Ma'ruf et al. (2005). The distribution of proboscis monkeys in Kalimantan has also been surveyed by Meijaard and Nijman (2000) in more than 30 different locations comprising mangrove forest, small islands, coastal deltas, riverbanks, and swamp forest. They observed that the proboscis monkey population is distributed from the coast to more inland areas. More than 20% of the population was observed in coastal areas, 18% of the population was located between 100 and 200 km from the coast, 16% of the population was located between 20 and 100 km, and 58% of the population was located 50 km from the coast. Smaller proportions of the population were also found between 300 and 750 km from the coast. Over 90% of the locations were at an altitudinal range below 200 m asl. The highest altitudinal distribution reported was 350 m asl. Fig. 12.1 The recent distribution of proboscis monkey (after Meijaard and Nijman 2000)