Comparison of inhibin B and estradiol responses to intravenous FSH in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and normal women

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Inhibin B (Inh B) is produced by pre-antral and early antral follicles whereas estradiol (E2) is a product of follicles undergoing antrum formation. This temporal distinction is evident in the patterns of Inh B and E2 release earlier and later during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, respectively. However, in previous studies of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and normal controls, release of these granulosa cell (GC) products appears to be simultaneous in response to FSH stimulation. In order to reconcile these disparate findings, we conducted dose-response studies in both PCOS women and normal controls to determine whether GC product responses were due to the amount of FSH administered. In addition, we compared FSH-stimulated responses in PCOS women at various stages of recovery following ovarian suppression with a long-acting GnRH agonist to examine whether Inh B and E2 responses reflected the level of ovarian follicle activity (i.e. circulating E2 levels). METHODS: Women with PCOS, 18-35 years (n = 23), and normal ovulatory controls, 18-35 years (n = 10) were recruited for study. Dose-responses were assessed over 24 h following intravenous administration of 0 (saline), 37.5, 75 and 150 μIU of recombinant human FSH (r-hFSH) in PCOS and normal women. In addition, E2 and Inh B responses to 150 IU of r-hFSH were assessed at baseline and 4, 6 and 8 weeks following suppression of ovarian steroidogenesis by a long-acting GnRH agonist in PCOS women. RESULTS: In PCOS women and normal controls, serum Inh B and E2 exhibit similar and simultaneous dose-responsiveness to FSH stimulation. During recovery from ovarian suppression, basal and stimulated Inh B release appear to be restored earlier than that of E2 in PCOS women. CONCLUSION: SThese findings are consistent with the notion that, in PCOS women, the level of ovarian follicle activity largely determines the earlier release of Inh B compared with E2.