Experimental demonstration of quantum pigeonhole paradox

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Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate that when three single photons transmit through two polarization channels, in a well-defined pre- and postselected ensemble, there are no two photons in the same polarization channel by weak-strength measurement, a counter-intuitive quantum counting effect called the quantum pigeonhole paradox. We further show that this effect breaks down in second-order measurement. These results indicate the existence of the quantum pigeonhole paradox and its operating regime.

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Chen, M. C., Liu, C., Luo, Y. H., Huang, H. L., Wang, B. Y., Wang, X. L., … Pan, J. W. (2019). Experimental demonstration of quantum pigeonhole paradox. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116(5), 1549–1552. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1815462116

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