The grimace and gecker: A submissive display among patas monkeys

Abstract

Observations of captive patas monkeys, plus a review of the literature, suggest that this species possesses at least three submissive/appeasement signals: (1) grimacing accompanied by a geckering vocalization; (2) cowering; and (3) a crouch face display. These findings are in contrast to earlier reports that patas monkeys have no such signals. © 1981 Japan Monkey Centre.