In vitro cytotoxic evaluation of mineral trioxide aggregate with silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) when mixed with either silver or titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on human lymphocytes. Materials and methods: Human lymphocytes were exposed to white MTA or MTA in combination with silver or TiO2 nanoparticles. The cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay for freshly mixed pellets, at 24 hours, at 48 hours, and at 72 hours time periods. The results were statistically analyzed. Results: There was no significant difference in the experimental groups with regard to cell viability. The addition of nanoparticles to MTA showed similar cell viability compared with MTA alone. Conclusion: Mineral trioxide aggregate mixed with silver or TiO2 nanoparticles showed similar biocompatibility to MTA alone. Clinical significance: The cytotoxicity exhibited by silver or TiO2 nanoparticles when mixed with MTA showed no significant difference and therefore, they can be used as a suitable additive to improve the antimicrobial efficacy of MTA.