Catastrophic Phenomena on Marine Slopes and in Artificial Dams in a Presence of Nanostructured Iron-Aluminosilicates

Abstract

The colloid, nanochemical, and nanostructural transformations of iron-aluminosilicate compositions in model geomechano-chemical biocolloidal processes were studied using modern physicochemical methods. It considered the mechanisms of catastrophic processes and their influence on fine nanostructured deep-sea pelitic sediments mixed with coarse carbonate-iron-aluminosilicate sandy rocks (turbidities). It discussed the conditions of oozy marine turbiditic-pelitic compositions transportation in coastal shelf zones with up to 200 m depth, on underwater continental slopes at 200–2000 m depth; their behavior at 2–8 km depth and interaction in deep-water (8–10 km) intercontinental trenches and chasms with magmatic half-melted iron-aluminosilicate materials. For the first time, it was considered and described according to the laws of colloid nanoscience, the mechanisms of complex processes of formation, transporting, flowing, and coagulation–condensation nanostructurization and compacting of iron-aluminosilicate compositions with saving of developed nano- and micropore state. It shows the important role of wind influences and induced by them above-water turbulent and underwater laminar (thermophilic) waves on the creeping of iron-aluminosilicate sediments for the catastrophic phenomena. It indicates the important role and influence on such phenomena of the hyperanomaly and ultraanomaly viscous effects in iron-aluminosilicate dispersions while their transition from elastic into plastic state. And the appropriate models of the mentioned phenomena and their concurrent rheological processes were presented.