Castration-resistant prostate cancer: Mechanisms, targets and treatment

Abstract

Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men, and remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death in this gender [1]. Data suggests that 10–20% of patients with prostate cancer metastasis develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) within 5 years of follow-up, and that the median survival since development of castration resistance is approximately 14 months (range 9–30) [2]. Additionally, patients with non-metastatic CRPC are at higher risk of disease progression. Approximately 15–33% of patients develop metastasis within 2 years, increasing the mortality burden in this population [3, 4].