Single and dual traditional growing rods

Abstract

Traditional growing rods (single or dual) are currently the most common growth-friendly surgical technique used in early-onset scoliosis (EOS). Dual growing rods are the most common followed by VEPTR (vertically expandable prosthetic titanium rib). There are generalized indications and specific surgical techniques. Dual growing rods generally use a tandem connector for distraction. Lengthening is at 6- to 8-month intervals after initial insertion depending on age and growth. Complications, usually infection and implant failure, are moderate and related to the number of operative procedures. Final fusion is determined by age, maturity, and spinal length. Newer techniques, such as magnetically controlled growing rods, are now available. These decrease the number of operative procedures and hopefully the incidence complications. Future research needs to be performed on the natural history and treatment of the various causes of EOS.