Experimental evaluation of miniature plate DMAs (Mini-plate DMAS) for future ultrafine particle (UFP) sensor network

Abstract

Two iPhone-sized differential mobility analyzers (DMAs) in the parallel-plate configuration (i.e., miniplate DMAs) were designed and their performance was calibrated in this study in order to gain the instructive knowledge for the future mini-plate DMA design and to have a well-calibrated mini-plate DMA for the ultrafine particle (UFP) sensor network. The performance of mini-plate DMAs was calibrated using the tandem DMA (TDMA) technique. The experimental transfer functions of prototypes at different particle sizes and under various combinational conditions of aerosol and sheath flow rates were derived from the TDMA data. It is concluded that mini-plate DMAs performed reasonably well for UFP sizing. It was also found that the sizing resolution of mini-plate DMAs is closer to the aerosol-to-sheath flow rate ratio when the percentage of aerosol slit opening in length was increased (relative to the width of aerosol classification zone). A new concept of “effective sheath flow rate” was introduced to better interpret the experimental observation on the area and FWHM (full width at half maximum) data of measured DMA transfer functions. Based on the experimental data, we proposed a modified equation for mini-plate DMAs to better calculate the voltage required to size particles of a given electrical mobility.