Solving the problems we face: the United States Environmental Protection Agency, sustainability, and the challenges of the twenty-first century

Abstract

Addressing the problems of the twenty-first century will require new initiatives that complement traditional regulatory activities. Existing regulations, such as the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act are important safety nets in the United States for protecting human health and the environment. However, emerging challenges such as climate change and resource depletion require fresh approaches toward environmental stewardship and integrated problem-solving. This Community Essay describes the evolution of programs and activities at the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) since 1970 toward the goal of a more resilient and sustainable society. While adhering to its histori- cal roots in controlling pollution, it delineates how USEPA has also adopted a broader perspective on sustainability and resilience. The essay concludes with recommendations for future actions, including creative use of environmental policies and regulations, application of systems science, promotion of innovative technologies, collaboration with mul- tiple stakeholder groups, and public communication regarding the need for sustainable environmental management.