Quantification of lung perfusion blood volume by dual-energy CT in patients with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Abstract

Purpose: In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary vascular alteration is one of the characteristic features. Recently, software has been used for the quantification of lung iodine perfusion blood volume (iPBV) using dual-energy CT, allowing objective evaluation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quantification of lung PBV with and without COPD. Materials and Methods: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. Sixty-two subjects who had undergone a respiratory function test within one month underwent dual-energy CT angiography. The subjects were divided into two groups: with (n = 14) and without (n = 48) COPD. We evaluated the quantification of lung iPBV in the early phase and late phase using Syngo softwarepost contrast. Associations between lung iPBV and respiratory function (forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity; FEV1/FVC) and the percentage area of emphysema (%LAA-950) were also evaluated. Results: In the early phase, lung iPBV values were 20.1 ± 5.5 and 30.6 ± 7.6 Hounsfield Unit (HU) in those with and without COPD, respectively, with a significant difference between them (p < 0.0001). In the late phase, the values were 12.3 ± 3.7 and 15.3 ± 4.6 HU, respectively, with no significant difference (p = 0.051). However, this could be noticed as a trend. In the early phase, there was a weak significant correlation between lung iPBV value and FEV1/FVC (R = 0.26, p = 0.047). There were significant and moderate negative correlations between lung iPBV value and %LAA-950 in early and late phases (R = -0.57, p = 0.0002; R = -0.45, p = 0.005, respectively). Conclusions: Quantification of lung iPBV reflects reduced pulmonary perfusion in patients with COPD. It may be useful for objective evaluation of the pulmonary blood flow in patients with COPD.