Frequency of Textual Metadiscourse Resources (MTRs) in Two Original and Simplified Novels

Abstract

According to Mauranen (1993, p.9), "through metatext, the writer steps in explicitly to make his or her presence felt in the text, to give guidance to the readers with respect to how the text is organized, to what functions different parts of it have, and to what the author's attitudes to the propositions are". According to the table of critical values (Hatch & Farhady, 1981, p. 279), critical value of x2 for 1 degree of freedom at 0.05 level is 3.84. Because the critical value of x2 is greater than the observed value of x2, the second null hypothesis is accepted. V. CONCLUSION This study examined the frequency distribution of MTRs in original and simplified versions of WH and TD. [...]through Chi-Square test the hypotheses was tested to see whether there is a significant difference between original novels and their simplified versions in the frequency of use of MTRs. According to Dafouz-Milne (2008), texts with a balanced number of textual and interpersonal metadiscourse are the most persuasive and texts with a low index of metadiscourse markers are less persuasive; and it seems that readers highly value texts that guide and show consideration toward the audience.