Regulation of hypoxia adaptation: An overlooked virulence attribute of pathogenic fungi?

45Citations
Citations of this article
66Readers
Mendeley users who have this article in their library.

Abstract

Over the past two decades, the incidence of fungal infections has dramatically increased. This is primarily due to increases in the population of immunocompromised individuals attributed to the HIV/AIDS pandemic and immunosuppression therapies associated with organ transplantation, cancer, and other diseases where new immunomodulatory therapies are utilized. Significant advances have been made in understanding how fungi cause disease, but clearly much remains to be learned about the pathophysiology of these often lethal infections. Fungal pathogens face numerous environmental challenges as they colonize and infect mammalian hosts. Regardless of a pathogen's complexity, its ability to adapt to environmental changes is critical for its survival and ability to cause disease. For example, at sites of fungal infections, the significant influx of immune effector cells and the necrosis of tissue by the invading pathogen generate hypoxic microenvironments to which both the pathogen and host cells must adapt in order to survive. However, our current knowledge of how pathogenic fungi adapt to and survive in hypoxic conditions during fungal pathogenesis is limited. Recent studies have begun to observe that the ability to adapt to various levels of hypoxia is an important component of the virulence arsenal of pathogenic fungi. In this review, we focus on known oxygen sensing mechanisms that non-pathogenic and pathogenic fungi utilize to adapt to hypoxic microenvironments and their possible relation to fungal virulence. © 2010 ISHAM.

References Powered by Scopus

Nonfilamentous C. albicans mutants are avirulent

1606Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Cellular adaptation to hypoxia: O<inf>2</inf>-sensing protein hydroxylases, hypoxia-inducible transcription factors, and O<inf>2</inf>-regulated gene expression

1059Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 modulates gene expression in solid tumors and influences both angiogenesis and tumor growth

988Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Cited by Powered by Scopus

In vivo hypoxia and a fungal alcohol dehydrogenase influence the pathogenesis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis

189Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Hypoxia and fungal pathogenesis: To air or not to air?

155Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

SREBP coordinates iron and ergosterol homeostasis to mediate triazole drug and hypoxia responses in the human fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus

147Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Register to see more suggestions

Mendeley helps you to discover research relevant for your work.

Already have an account?

Cite

CITATION STYLE

APA

Grahl, N., & Cramer, R. A. (2010). Regulation of hypoxia adaptation: An overlooked virulence attribute of pathogenic fungi? Medical Mycology. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.3109/13693780902947342

Readers over time

‘11‘12‘13‘14‘15‘17‘18‘19‘20‘21‘22‘23‘24‘250481216

Readers' Seniority

Tooltip

PhD / Post grad / Masters / Doc 26

67%

Researcher 9

23%

Lecturer / Post doc 3

8%

Professor / Associate Prof. 1

3%

Readers' Discipline

Tooltip

Agricultural and Biological Sciences 18

45%

Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Bi... 11

28%

Medicine and Dentistry 8

20%

Immunology and Microbiology 3

8%

Article Metrics

Tooltip
Mentions
References: 1

Save time finding and organizing research with Mendeley

Sign up for free
0