The Incidence and Prevalence of Stroke by Cause in Indonesia Based on Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Abstract

Abstract. Stroke is the world’s second largest cause of mortality and the leading cause of disability. The report of incidence and prevalence of stroke by cause in Indonesia based on national population was limited. The objective of this study was to explore the incidence and prevalence of stroke and cause of stroke by province, sex, and age categories in Indonesia. The causes of stroke in Indonesia, including each province, were collected from the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD) 2019. The age-standardized incidence rates and age-standardized prevalence rates per 100,000 individuals with 95% Uncertainty Intervals (UIs) were used to estimate the incidence and prevalence characteristics. The cause of stroke was classified into three types: intracerebral hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. In 2019, the national incidence and prevalence of stroke in Indonesia were 293.33 (262.2 – 331.6 95% UIs) and 2,097.22 (1878.2 – 2351.8 95% UIs) per 100,000 individuals, respectively. East Kalimantan province holds the highest rank in the incidence rate of stroke and ischemic stroke as well as the prevalence rate for almost all types of stroke, except for subarachnoid hemorrhage, which Yogyakarta holds. Meanwhile, the highest incidence rates for intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage were in the provinces of South Kalimantan and North Maluku, respectively. Females and over 70 years of age had a higher incidence and prevalence of stroke than other groups.