Specification and development of GABAergic interneurons

Abstract

Of all cerebellar cells, the development of inhibitory interneurons is arguably least understood. The issue is further convoluted by the fact that knowledge of the diversity of this group of cells is rather limited. However, recent results allow to complement traditional morphological classifications with molecular and functional data that open a new perspective on cerebellar histogenesis and function. The early development of all cerebellar GABAergic interneurons is dependent on a single gene, Ptf1a. After leaving the ventricular neuroepithelium, precursors of these cells may be distinguished by their specific expression of the paired box gene, Pax2. These essentially postmitotic precursors are characterized by a so-far unique developmental plasticity. The terminal differentiation of cerebellar GABAergic interneurons is realized through an instructive mechanism thought to operate within the prospective white matter of the nascent cerebellum.