Bioavailability enhancement

Abstract

The rate and extent (amount) of unmodified medication absorption from its dose form is referred to as bioavailability. It is one of the critical criteria for achieving optimal medication concentration in the systemic circulation. Bioavailability is a significant factor of a drug's therapeutic efficacy, which is determined by the drug's solubility in gastro intestinal fluid. Poor water solubility, sluggish dissolution rate, poor stability of dissolved drug at physiological pH, poor penetration through biological membrane, and extensive first pass metabolism are all signs of a medication with poor bioavailability. To achieve therapeutic plasma concentrations after oral administration of medicines that are weakly water soluble, substantial doses are required.The main issue is low aqueous solubility. Poor solubility continues to be a key difficulty for the pharmaceutical business, which is increasingly recognised as a critical subject in biomedical research. Any medicine that needs to be absorbed must be in the form of an aqueous solution on the absorption side. This article discusses numerous ways for increasing medication bioavailability. Size reduction, solubilizing excipients, colloidal drug delivery systems, Ph adjustment, solid dispersion, complexation, co-solvency micellarsolubilization, hydrotropy, and other approaches are among them.