Gender-Affirming Medical Care for Transgender and Gender Nonbinary Patients

Abstract

Transgender and gender nonbinary (TGNB) people often experience discrimination, homo−/transphobia, ineffective care from the healthcare system, and other broad structural determinations of health that place TGNB people at increased risk for poor health outcomes. This is particularly true for sexual and reproductive health. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of providing medical care to TGNB people, including a review of the effects of gender-affirming hormones, how to take an appropriate sexual and reproductive health history, considerations for sexual and reproductive health screenings, contraception options, and HIV prevention, all within a trauma-informed and gender-affirming framework.