Optimization of SAE formula rear wing

Abstract

The main goal of this work was to prove the superiority of a slat vs. a second rear flap in the SAE formula rear wing design, combined with a 3D curved rear flap, for low velocities, by optimization of the rear wing design. Two different main designs were compared, with five different height positions of the main wing and complete analysis carried out of the attack angle on wing performance. A numerical approach was used to test the hypothesis with 3D shear stress transport (SST) Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulation, incorporating the whole formula. A practical use of this work is in designing a rear wing for maximum downforce within the available rules and regulations. It was found that the multi-element wings were suitable for low speeds and that the base design with two flaps should not be positioned too low. The downforce increases with the height of the wing and reaches its maximum value at 8° angle of attack. For this reason, the new curved design was proposed, including a slat and only one flap. The new wing can cope with a greater angle of attack, has a greater lift coefficient, as well as greater maximal downforce. The advanced design resulted in an increase of downforce of about 6% at the same wing height.