Relationship between il-6, il-1β, and vitamin d on frailty status in elderly women

Abstract

Background: The aging process is associated with an increase in proinflammatory markers’ serum levels, indicating that a chronic inflammatory process is correlated with an increase in disability, mortality, and frailty. Pro-inflammatory cytokines that increase with the incidence of frailty syndrome are IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D) deficiency is also a potential risk factor for frailty, especially in the elderly. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a risk of falling, which can speed up the frailty process. The aim of the study is to determine the relationship between IL-6, IL-1β and Vitamin D on frailty status in elderly women in elderly integrated health services (posyandu lansia), Semarang City. Methods: This study used a cross sectional design with a consecutive sampling method of 27 subjects. Subjects measured vital signs, weight and height measurements. The study subjects were then taken venous blood to measure the levels of IL-6, IL-1β and vitamin D in blood serum and assessed their frailty status. Data analysis using SPSS 25 with Spearman correlation test. Results: There were 27 elderly women who followed this study with an average age of 67.93 years. There are 16 people with pre-frail status and 3 people with frail status. There is a significant relationship between vitamin D levels in serum and frailty status (p = 0.008; r = 0.497). Variables IL-6 (p=0.328) and IL-1β (p=0.095) had no significant relationship with frailty status. Conclusion: Most of the elderly women have a pre-frailty status, namely as much as 59.3%. Vitamin D levels in the body have a significant and unidirectional relationship with frailty status in elderly women.