Objectives: To describe the use of antibiotics and assess if an early transition from intravenous to oral antibiotic therapy is generally safe in infants less than 60 days of age with a diagnosis of pyelonephritis. Methods: This retrospective observational cohort study included hospitalized infants less than 60 days with a diagnosis of pyelonephritis based on fever or systemic symptoms and a positive urine culture between January 1, 2015 and July 30, 2017 at a Canadian paediatric tertiary care centre. Results: A total of 108 infants were included. Forty-eight of them were under 1 month of age. The median intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy duration was 3.5 days, with a longer duration of 4 days in infants less than 1 month of age. The total antibiotic therapy was almost equally divided between a shorter (10 days) and longer (14 days) duration. The recurrence of pyelonephritis within the 2 months following the initial urinary infection was 9 % in the group with IV antibiotic therapy duration of <4 days, compared to 11% in the group treated ≥4 days IV (P-value 0.75). There was a recurrence of pyelonephritis of 10.2% in the group treated for 10 days, compared to 11.5% of recurrence in the group treated for 14 days (P-value 1.0). Conclusions: Our study provides limited retrospective data regarding the management of pyelonephritis in infants less than 60 days of age. Prospective research is needed to confirm those findings.
CITATION STYLE
Lessard, D. A., Huard-Girard, T., Tremblay, A., & Turcotte, J. F. (2021). Transition to oral antibiotic therapy for pyelonephritis in children under 60 days of age: An observational retrospective cohort study. Paediatrics and Child Health (Canada), 26(1), 27–31. https://doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxz164
Mendeley helps you to discover research relevant for your work.