Laboratory predictors of gastrointestinal tract diseases

Abstract

The aim of the study is to present the modern ideas about laboratory predictors of the diseases of digestive system. Analysis of native and foreign literature related to prognostic biomarkers of gastrointestinal tract diseases has been performed. Transition to personalized medicine and targeted therapy puts biomarkers in the forefront. Prognostic indicators are used to assess the likelihood of a clinical event occurring, recurrence or progression of the disease. Prognostic markers become especially important in chronic pathological conditions, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastritis, oncology, etc. MicroRNA, epigenetic modifications, protein or nucleic acid signatures, glycoproteins, etc. can be assigned to this category. Detailed analysis of the role of individual molecules, compounds, mutations and gene polymorphisms significantly expands existing ideas about the mechanisms of development of gastrointestinal tract disorders on molecular level. Biomarker expression assessment allows improving diagnostics, increasing the effectiveness of treatment of digestive system diseases both in children and adults, including the use of targeted therapy, potentially reducing economic costs in health care.