Study of the Ecological Effect of Bismuth Layered Structured Ferroelectric Materials Over Lead Zirconate Titanate

Abstract

Lead is extensively used in many electronic components, and various types of sensors used to measure temperature, pressure, etc. lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is extensively expended, because of its high dielectric constant. Lead is an environmentally hazardous and long term impact on humankind due to its high toxicity. Since the last five decades, People have been working on developing lead-free materials that possess better properties than PZT Martials. It is always necessary to check the impact on the environment from developing the content, production, consumption, and disposing of it. Comparing PZT and Bismuth layered structured ferroelectric (BLSF) materials like SrBi4Ti4O15, BaBi4Ti4O15 and CaBi4Ti4O15 have been extensively studied with various dopants, these materials pose high dielectric constant and have a higher value of transition temperature making these materials a first choice for high-temperature sensors. These BLSF materials utilize lower energy for production in comparison to PZT ceramics.