The dynamic duo: How DNA methylation and gene transcription help diatoms thrive in modern oceans

Abstract

DNA methylation is essential for maintaining genome stability, mediating gene expression, and aiding species in adapting to their environment. Wan et al. (2023) measured the changes in phenotypic traits of the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum in response to a 2-year exposure to ocean acidification, warming, or both, and analysed the concomitant changes in DNA methylation and transcriptomic patterns. Their study revealed that DNA methylation and gene transcription work in concert to enable unicellular phytoplankton to adapt to dynamic environmental changes.