Multilayer radiation shielding system with advanced composites containing heavy metal oxide nanoparticles: a free-lead solution

Abstract

With the use of multilayer materials such as concrete, mortar and ceramics that were fortified with PbO, WO3 and Bi2O3 nanoparticles, our study's objective was to produce a an effective photon shielding system. Experimental evaluation of the radiation shielding efficiency of two sets of samples with various thicknesses was conducted. The elemental content and morphology of the samples were corroborated by SEM and EDX studies, with ceramic samples exhibiting superior particle distribution and fewer voids than concrete and mortar specimens. The linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) was studied both experimentally and numerically using the Phy-X program, and it was found that the two sets of values were in satisfactory agreement. The values of LAC were consistently greater for samples with 30% of the selected heavy metal oxides than for those with 10%. The LAC for Cer-1 was 5.003 cm−1 at 0.059 MeV, whereas the corresponding LAC for Cer-2 was 2.123 cm−1. The LAC values were as follows: ceramics (5.003 cm−1), mortar (2.999 cm−1), concrete (2.733 cm−1), and the transmission factor (TF) examination of the multiple-layer specimens showed that the TF of the 3 cm thick multilayer sample was lower than that of the 2 cm thick sample and that both multilayer samples displayed better attenuation efficiency in comparison to single-layer specimens. The results show the possibility for employing multilayer structures with different densities, thicknesses, and sizes in suitable radiation shielding applications.