Acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC) is a complication of cholelithiasis and is defined as the inflammation of the gallbladder, caused by the obstruction of the cystic duct, by gallstones, or biliary sludge. ACC accounts for 3-11% of hospital admissions and carries a mortality of about 0.8%. The extended gallbladder outlet obstruction by a stone is the initial and main factor leading to an ACC. Bacteria do not play neither an initial nor a major role in ACC, but secondary infection may complicate up to 50% of the cases. The Tokyo Guidelines (2013, 2018) help in establishing a methodology to aid in the diagnosis and severity of acute cholecystitis. Diagnosis is based on the following factors: clinical history, physical examination, laboratory results, and imaging findings, being ultrasonography the most widely used.
CITATION STYLE
Ferreres, A. R. (2021). Pathophysiology and diagnosis of acute calculous cholecystitis. In Difficult Acute Cholecystitis: Treatment and Technical Issues (pp. 9–19). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62102-5_2
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