The role of surgery in pseudomembranous enterocolitis

Abstract

Pseudomembranous enterocolitis is an inflammatory bowel disorder caused by Clostridium difficile toxins. Classical presentation includes abdominal pain, pyrexia, diarrhoea and leucocytosis. The management is mainly conservative but in extreme cases surgery is necessary. Resectional procedures (colectomy) carry a better prognosis than diversion procedures (colostomy). A careful history, a high index of suspicion, and early diagnosis and treatment would reduce the associated morbidity and mortality of this condition. The aetiopathogenesis, pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, differential diagnoses, complications, medical and surgical management are reviewed, and three case reports briefly discussed. A management algorithm is also suggested.